INTRODUCTION TO INORGANIC CHEMISTRY

Landus Mumbere Expedito avatar   
Landus Mumbere Expedito
Inorganic chemistry is the study of chemical substances other than carbon compounds (Hydrocarbons) and their derivatives.

Inorganic chemistry gives a relative factual information concerning modes of preparation, manufacture, properties and uses of other inorganic chemicals.

Golden tips:

The study of inorganic chemistry explains the specific characteristics, similarities, differences and trend in observation.

Periodic Table

 The original form of the periodic table was first put forward by Mendeleev in 1869 when he arranged the known elements in the order of their relative atomic masses. The elements fall into 8 vertical groups numbered from I-VIII and horizontal rows of elements are known as periods which 7 are numbered 1-7. Those periods containing 8 elements are known as short periods and the others as long periods The elements in any one vertical group have similar chemical and physical properties Therefore the properties of elements are periodic function of their atomic number which is Periodic table.

Periodic table:

is a list of all the elements, in order of increasing atomic number, giving their names and symbols.

Importance points to notes in a periodic table:

  • When arranged in this order, the elements show periodicity: elements with similar properties appear at regular intervals. So the list is set out with these similar elements together, in the numbered columns. 
  • The columns are called groups, and numbered 0 to 7.Note where group 0 is. 
  • The rows are called periods. They too are numbered 0 to 7.

The heavy zigzag line above separates metals from non-metals, with the non-metals to the right.

Golden tips on the groups: 

  • The group number tells you how many electrons there are in the outer shell of the atoms. The atoms of Group 1 elements have one outer shell electron. The atoms of Group 2 elements have two, and so on.
  • The outer-shell electrons are also called valency electrons. And their number dictates how the elements behave. 
  • So all the elements in a group have similar properties.
  • The atoms of the Group 0 elements have full outer shells. This makes them unreactive, hence periodic table’s elements are sub divided in to four groups namely:
  • s-block elements, p-block elements, d-block elements & f-block elements. 
Aucun commentaire trouvé